The factors affecting risks on the life of an individidual are called hazards. Hazards may be:
Physical, occupational or moral
1) Physical Hazards :-
Age: As age increases, the probability of death increases. These probabilities are built into the morality tables and thereby into the premium rates.
Build: Build including the height, weight, and measurement of chest andabdomn, and other ailments like diabetes.
Family History: Family History of early deaths, of cardiac illnesses, could be significant.
2) Occupational Hazard: The nature of the job or the place in which the job is done have effect on the worker, Contact with and inhalation of fumes, excessive temperatures, etc., affect health and life spans. Those on flight duties on aircrafts run a greater risk of the death by accident. Because of the higher risks they need insurance badly.
3) Moral Hazards: It refers to the intentions of the proposers. If the proposal is being made because there is a genuine need for insurance, there is no moral Hazard. If the intention is to seek undue advantage through the insurance policy, there is some moral hazard. Moral hazard is not measureable.
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